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Lepraria isidiata (Llimona) Llimona & A. Crespo |
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Nomenclatural data
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In Wirth et al., Guía de Campo de los Líquenes, Musgos y Hepáticas: 309 (2004); type: Spain, Catalonia, Prope Igualada loco Coll del Guix dicto, 2. Nov. 1972, X. Llimona (BCC—holotypus; isotypi distributed in Vězda, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. 47: 7 (1973)). L. crassissima var. isidiata Llimona, in Vězda, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. 47: 7 (1973).
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Morphology
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Thallus crustose to subfoliose, with membranous, slightly granular appearance; geryish white, grey to dark grey in centre; usually thick, relatively hard, central part sometimes loose from substrate attached to the substrate; shape usually rosettes, sometimes irregular fused patches, usually 2-6 cm in diam., fused patches larger in diam.; margin delimited, lobes present, usually well developed, very pruinose, margin raised; subcorticate patches may be present; areoles absent; sometimes marginal lobes may look like squamules; thallus surfaces without soredia often present, soredia abundant, sometimes not well separated at margin, very coarse, 1-3 mm in diam.; larger granules or warts of thallus similar to isidia, present in places, especially in centre of thallus, can become sorediate; central part of thallus slightly convex. Photobiont green, coccoid.
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Chemistry
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(1) atranorin, fumarprotocetraric and protocetraric acids; (2) atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid; (3) atranorin and protocetraric acid. The chemotype 3 is rare (Baruffo et al. 2006). K– or + yellow, C–, KC– or + yellow, Pd+ reddish orange, medulla Pd–.
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Remarks
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According to molecular studies L. isidiata is very close to L. santosii, close to L. bergensis and all these taxa belong to a monophyletic group together with L. membranacea, L. vouauxii and L. xerophila (Crespo et al. 2006). L. isidiata was historically described as L. crassissima var. isidiata Llimona (Vězda 1973). Specimens corresponding to the description of L. isidiata have also been included in L. nivalis (Laundon 1992, Leuckert et al. 2004, Sipman & Raus 1999, Sipman 2004). These authors did not consider isidioid forms of L. nivalis s. lat. distinct taxonomically. Several species produce protocetraric and/or fumarprotocetraric acids, see the discussion under L. caesioalba.
Species producing isidia-like structures include L. crassissima, L. isidiata, L. santosii, L. xerophila, and the last three species are also morphologically similar. All these taxa are easily distinguishable chemically by main diagnostic substances: divaricatic and nordivaricatic acids in L. crassissima, fumarprotocetraric and/or protocetraric acid in L. isidiata, stictic acid complex in L. santosii, pannaric acid 6-methylester or rarely norascomatic acid in L. xerophila. Many species may form prominent lobes, see the discussion under L. membranacea.
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Ecology and distribution
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Substrate and ecology: terricolous, calcareous soil (marl and gypsum), sometimes calcareous rock or mosses; shaded but well-lit places, arid climate, mostly steppe-like areas of Spain. Distribution: Mediterranean countries.
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